Stonehenge Orthographic Drawings Section Plan

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selected architecture: Stonehenge in the Britain

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Temple University Tyler School of Art Architecture Plan Fall 2021 Prof. Stephen Anderson stephen.anderson@temple.edu Part: Arch Building, Rm. 409 Architectural History I: Pre-Civilization through Italian Renaissance ARCH2141, AH2141 Research Paper Guidelines It has been said that information technology is difficult to learn to draw what y'all see, merely that it is even harder to acquire to run across what yous see. The purpose of this consignment is to prompt y'all to begin to learn to see and to consider architecture as something more than appearance, more than than a static object, and to larn something of the various ways to approach and to delineate such consideration. Y'all are to select a work of compages from whatever era and whatsoever region, provided it was synthetic with the date-range of the course—generally before 1600. If you are looking for ideas, apply your textbook, supplementary texts, and other resources provided in the syllabus to assistance brand your selection. It should be a work that you detect particularly hitting or compelling in some mode. If the work you take in listen is non in our books but still falls within the bounds of the course material, that's fine—the key hurdle is to make sure at that place is adequate source material to complete the enquiry projection. Topic Pick: To select a edifice while assuring that at that place is no redundancy among students, I volition post a sign-upwardly wiki on Canvas that yous will open to enter your project choice. Earlier making your selection, review the list to brand sure that no i else has already chosen the projection yous have in heed. Be certain to make your pick no later than apex on Friday, September iii. Changes to your selection after that time are discouraged, only possible if yous confer with me by e-mail before making any change. Paper Sections: Your consignment for the paper is to consider and to document the architectural work in manifold ways, per the required categories outlined below. The full amount of text should be 3000-3500 words, not including captions, images, or references. The following twelve headings are not merely guidelines – each section must exist labeled and numbered in your paper as presented below, and must conform to the given sequence (an allowable exception to that sequence is the Written report Sketch, which some students like to include on their cover page). one. Summary Description This should be similar to what you might find in the first paragraphs of a Wikipedia entry – a brief clarification of the work, its era, the culture to which it belonged, why it is regarded as pregnant, the designer or builder (if known), and similar. Keep it to half a folio, around 150 words. ii. The Situated Work Present exactly half-dozen images that you call back best draw the location of the work. These must include at least one detailed site plan, one map, and one photographic image. All images should be high quality and clearly captioned. Later the images, etch a department (this could exist done in two or iii paragraphs) that comprises various data relevant to the site, which may include, for instance, climatic data, seasonal variation, calibration, local population, dominant language, ascendant religion, political construction, societal hierarchy, etc. Summarize how you remember the project fits (or doesn't fit) within its surrounds. 3. Orthographic Drawings Minimum of i site plan, one building programme, one section, and one elevation, conspicuously labeled, in blackness and white. The plan, section, and elevation must all exist in the same scale, which must exist clearly indicated. Plans must include due north-arrows (add them if need be, simply assure their accuracy). These drawings can be collected rather than drawn from scratch, only, if the drawings are unavailable, they volition need to be drawn by the pupil. Make sure the presentation of the drawings is make clean and consistent in advent. iv. Typological and Stylistic Analysis This section should exist two to three paragraphs that position the piece of work relative to existing taxonomies and categories. What is the edifice type (library? theater? museum?)? What is its dominant style? Describe how the work does and does non fit within the categories it can arguably be grouped within. 5. Anthropological Analysis This section focuses on the use and life of this particular building. Why was it constructed? How does it (or did information technology) function in the culture of which information technology was a part? If applicative, how was the building modified, adjusted, or otherwise inverse over time? If the building is now in disuse or no longer extant, what brought about its ruin (some careful conjecture on your role may be necessary here)? 3-iv paragraphs. vi. Ambient Experience Write 3 or iv paragraphs describing your understanding of the ambiance of the project or one of its primary spaces. This category of analysis has mainly to practice with the feel of the building and its general "experience." Requite careful attention to qualities of light, shadow, surface, sequence, framing, view, ornamentation, temperature, and sounds, – in short, to the character, mood, or ambiance of the place. The social aspects of the identify may likewise be significant –e.g. is it lively, isolated, public, private, festive, somber? [Students have effectively used kickoff-person narratives for this portion of the assay, though that is not required.] 7. Environmental Analysis How do you sympathize the relationship of the building to its firsthand environment? What almost its broader surroundings? What can you ascertain about its impact on local and afar ecosystems? What technologies and devices does the building deploy for modulation of its surroundings? What might the project suggest well-nigh its civilisation's understanding of society'due south relationship with the broader world? (3-iv paragraphs) 8. Textile & Structural Analysis How does this (or did this) building stand? Using diagrams if helpful, explain the strategies that the designers/builders deployed to make the building stable, lasting, and resilient. What materials are used in the building? How are those materials worked or finished? How did they weather condition over time? How were the building materials made or obtained? What are the structural/material weaknesses or limits of the construction methods exhibited in the building? 3-5 paragraphs. ix. Particular Report Document some detail of the selected work – drawing plus photograph would exist ideal, but one or the other could suffice— the images can be collected rather than made from scratch. Clearly show the position/location of the particular relative to the larger piece of work. In two or iii paragraphs, depict the role of the detail (atmospheric condition-proofing? ornamental? structural? a combination of these? some other?) and in 2-3 paragraphs speculate most how the designer/builder made decisions regarding that detail. 10. A Fictional Account Effort to detect some fictional work (similar a poem or play or story) that references your selected architectural work, and write a paragraph or 2 explaining how you think the fictional work and the architectural piece of work relate, or how the author of the fictional work understands or makes use of the architectural work. If the exact architectural work cannot be explicitly located in some fictional piece of work, something close can suffice. Some students have also used sources like movies and fifty-fifty video games for this section. Provide excerpts (or stanzas, or prints, or screenshots) of portions of the work you are referring to. xi. Present-Solar day Parallel Find a contemporary architectural piece of work (more often than not a building synthetic, let'due south say, in the 21st century) that y'all tin can argue is related in some meaning manner to the historical work you have considered. Show the two works in images that relate them. Craft a written argument discussing the similarities and differences relative to the motivations of the two works, and the sets of problems the designers/builders in the two eras shared and how those problems were addressed. 4-6 paragraphs. 12. Sketch Using 8.5" ten 11" heavy-weight drawing newspaper (portrait or landscape orientation), make a sketch of your chosen work, or of some portion or detail of it, that presents the building in relation to its setting. You tin choose the media, as long as it is not digital. Conte, charcoal, pencil, watercolor, etc. are all acceptable. Don't worry if you have little feel with sketching – you are not being evaluated on your cartoon power—just do draw as carefully as you can, attempting to capture enough detail to convey something of the detail character of the architecture and the space within or effectually the edifice. Inquiry & Sources The outset several weeks of the course should be spent arresting the mode of assay presented in the lectures, keeping up with the required readings, and doing library and net enquiry to discover everything y'all can that is written about your specific building. You need early confirmation that you can access a requisite corporeality of bones data or you may take problems later on. One of your early assignments in the class (refer to your syllabus) is to complete an online research tutorial that has been prepared by our arts and compages librarian, Jill Luedke (her contact information can be constitute toward the end of this document). That information will help y'all decide how to continue efficiently and productively, specifically in regard to architectural research. You lot should then supplement your edifice's specifics with information on buildings of the same style or era, considering they are, most certainly, responding to many of the same demands and conditions. Research things like the local climate, the technological capacities of the civilization in terms of its inventions, achievements, materials and resources. Investigate the common social behaviors, political values and religious beliefs of the residents or local populace. If applicative, you can include in your research theoretical treatises of the flow that may take influenced the design or graphic symbol of your selected architectural piece of work. Also, retrieve that a bang-up deal of your basic information is not strictly architectural, and so you will demand to look elsewhere than only architectural texts. Think that periodical manufactures can be a major source of pertinent data – don't limit yourself to books. JSTOR and ARTSTOR (these are databases bachelor through Temple libraries online) are often useful starting points here. You will naturally scour the web for information, especially for images, but be careful nigh the quality of your sources, as yous are likely to come up across many that are inaccurate or comparatively detailed. Many digital sources for buildings are mere touristy guidebooks, some blatantly misinformed. It is wise to examine nondigital sources, besides, because in that location are often details, plans, images, and written insights that just be in analog formats. While much of the extensive architectural tape has been converted to digital formats, a staggering amount nonetheless remains only in books and journals—skillful architectural inquiry and thinking will demand that y'all develop skills as both a careful online researcher and too as a scholar of actual books, papers, and documents. By apex on Friday September 24, y'all must submit a document that states your selected architectural work, provides a completed formal bibliography of your sources (using Chicago-style format, and including a minimum of fifteen sources), and that includes the completed Section 1 (Summary Description) of the paper. Please submit this to Sail, including your name in the file proper noun. Format This is not a typical enquiry paper, and its structure and format are unusual. Each of the required sections listed to a higher place should be labeled every bit such in your newspaper using headings before each department, and they should be organized in the sequence given hither – whatsoever paper submitted that does non conform to that structure will not be graded and will receive an F. All of the work should exist formatted to viii.5x11 format, with all pages numbered, and all images carefully labeled. All sources must be referenced, using Chicago style footnotes. Text should be Arial or Helvetica, ten bespeak size, double-spaced. Please provide a cover page, which should include your name, paper title, engagement, info specific to the class, and, if you'd like, an image of your sketch. Annotation on Plagiarism Submitted papers volition be entered into a database for plagiarism evaluation by specialized software which highlights suspicious passages, lists probable sources, and projects the likelihood that suspect passages have been lifted from other sources. If you plagiarize, you lot will fail the grade, and the thing will be forwarded to the university where further possible action, including expulsion, may be incurred in accordance with the university's policies on adulterous and plagiarism. Completion Due Appointment (and some friendly warnings) No later than 4pm Sunday, Nov 7, you must submit via Canvass your completed inquiry newspaper in .pdf format. Y'all are wholly responsible for sending a file that is complete, that is not corrupt, that is openable, and that is of a transmissible file size – any failure in that regard will be treated equally if you have not submitted the paper. To be safe, I highly recommend that yous plan to submit your paper at least several hours before the deadline. No belatedly submissions, even one minute belatedly, volition be accustomed: the submission site on Canvas volition close at the deadline, making it impossible to submit a late newspaper. Writing Aid For any questions related to requirements, analysis, or historical content, you should communicate with me directly either in person or via email. If, however, yous need help with basic grammer, writing skills, or formatting, I strongly encourage you to make use of Temple'south Writing Middle, located in the Educatee Success Center, Rm.230 Charles Library. This can be a very useful resource even for experienced writers (even graduate students and professors routinely get assistance with their writing) – I recommend that all students at least peruse the Center's website at https://www.temple.edu/grade/alphabetize.html to make themselves familiar with the kinds of aid that are offered. For assistance with research, locating sources, general utilise of the library, and online resources, I encourage yous to contact our arts and architecture media specialist, Jill Luedke, jluedke@temple.edu. Her university webpage can be constitute here https://library.temple.edu/people/jill-e-luedke where you tin can make an date to become her direct help with your work and with your inquiry questions. I highly recommend that you adjust an appointment with her as you begin your research.
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Discussion: Stonehenge in the Uk
Your name
Instructor's name
Course
Date of submission

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Stonehenge in the U.k.
1. Summary Clarification:
Stonehenge is the famous prehistoric monuments in the United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland. It is located on Salisbury
Plain, in Wiltshire, England, which is 2miles due west of Amesbury. Statuary Age founded compages.
The architecture contains an outer ring including vertical Sarsen standing stones where every
standing stone measured about 13feethigh, 7feetwide, and weighing near 25tons. The architecture
is and then topped with connecting horizontal lintel stones. The critical materials used in the
evolution of the architecture include Sarsen and Bluestone. Stonehenge is famous in the Britain
since it is the most architecturally sophisticated prehistoric stone worldwide. Stonehenge had been
developed in various stages were; the initial monument was the early monument evolution
which was congenital effectually 5 hundred years ago, and the specific rock circle hand been congenital in the
late New stone age catamenia, about 2500 BC ("Stonehenge" 2021). Currently, Stonehenge and
Avebury create the base for the world heritage site with a specific concentration of prehistoric
monuments.
The Situated Piece of work:

Stonehenge, a prehistoric circle, cemetery, monument, and archeological site, is located in
the Salisbury Obviously, which is 13 northward of Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. Despite the lack of
evidence on the focused objective of Stonehenge, it was assumed to be a religious area and a
compelling expression of authority and wealth of chieftains. These priest's aristocrats had built information technology,
where almost of them were cached almost the compages. The architecture was aligned on the lord's day and
was effectively used to observe the moon and the lord's day, which helped in creating the farm agenda.
In add-on, the architectural location was depicted to belong to the ancestors, which was identified
as different world from the living and acted as a healing environment. Today, the Druids

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community gathers in the site each year to observe midsummer sunrise celebrations. Stonehenge
is a unique prehistoric stone circle due to its artificial shape of the sarsen stones, built-in post, and
lintel formation. Moreover, a high population celebrates the summer solstice in the site.
Stonehenge was developed in six phases during the change from the new Stone Age to the Bronze
Historic period betwixt 300 and 1520 BCE.
Stonehenge architecture has continued to raise historical speculations as opinions to
understand the significant and the importance of the construction. Different archeologists, including
John Aubrey and William Stukeley, believed the structure presented the Druid temple area. But,
the idea has been rejected in the present decades by dissimilar authors. American astronomer Gerald
Hawkins suggested that Stonehenge'due south hand was developed as a figurer to forecast the lunar and
solar eclipse. Even so, the speculations too achieved rejections from other archeologists and
stated that Stonehenge is a center of the Confederation of bronze chiefdoms (Nolan 2019). In
addition, different archeologists taken into consideration the site as a Salisbury undeniable as a
factor of intersection associated to terrorists and adjoining prehistoric appearing for seasonal
gathering area for organizations living from lower lands to the west and east. A Malagasy
archeologists counseled that Stonehenge became avant-garde monument to the ancestors and the
permanence of its rocks reflecting everlasting lifestyles.
In the twenty first century, Stonehenge is the sector'south common stone circle, that's visited
by tens of millions of people each year. It stands as a unique icon, mysterious and inspiring
approximately humanity's prehistoric past. Over the century, human being beings accept amassed at the
monument to have a skilful time the summer time solstice, cartoon a crowd of over 30,000 people.
In improver, the Druidic society claimed Stonehenge every bit their temple to perform their religious
beliefs. The British federal regime proposed constructing new visitor's centers, however the

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projects was affected by a delay in financial approval and other political argue. But, in2013, a
visitors center was successfully synthetic, which attracted more than visitors (Pearson et al. 2021).
Orthographic Drawings
Site programme

Stonehenge section

Building programme

Stonehenge acme

Typological and Stylistic Analysis:
Autonomously from Stonehenge's cultural contribution during the new Stone Age architectural
pattern, the site besides presents a meaning corporeality of rock art, including engravings and cravings.
The effective drove of stone cravings is described as the most impo...